Conventional Loan Guide 2026

The most popular mortgage in America — and the one with the most flexibility. Here's everything you need to know, including how to pair it with a buyer rebate for maximum savings.

The bottom line: Conventional loans account for roughly 75% of all new mortgages. They offer removable PMI, flexible down payment options, and competitive rates for strong borrowers. When you combine a conventional loan with ShopProp's flat $4,495 buyer fee, you keep thousands more at closing — cash that can reduce your loan, eliminate PMI faster, or fund your reserves.

What Is a Conventional Loan?

A conventional loan is any mortgage that isn't backed by a government agency (FHA, VA, or USDA). Instead, conventional loans are originated by private lenders and typically sold to Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac — the two government-sponsored enterprises that set the rules for "conforming" loans.

Because there's no government guarantee, lenders take on more risk with conventional loans. That's why credit and income requirements tend to be stricter than FHA. But in exchange, you get significant advantages: removable PMI, no upfront mortgage insurance premium, and more flexibility on property types.

Conventional Loan Requirements at a Glance

RequirementConventionalFHA (Comparison)
Minimum Credit Score620 (740+ for best rates)580 (500 with 10% down)
Down Payment3–20%+3.5%
Mortgage InsurancePMI if <20% down (removable)MIP for life (if <10% down)
Upfront Insurance FeeNone1.75% of loan amount
Debt-to-Income RatioUp to 45% (50% with strong factors)Up to 57%
2026 Conforming Limit$806,500 (higher in HCOL areas)$498,257–$1,149,825
Property TypesPrimary, second home, investmentPrimary residence only

Down Payment Options

3% Down — First-Time Buyers

Fannie Mae's HomeReady and Freddie Mac's Home Possible programs allow as little as 3% down for borrowers meeting income limits (typically 80% of area median income). These programs also allow gift funds for the entire down payment.

5% Down — Standard Minimum

The standard conventional minimum. PMI applies but at lower rates than FHA's MIP. On a $600,000 home, you'd need $30,000 down — and your PMI might run $150–250/month depending on credit score.

10–15% Down — The Sweet Spot

Lower PMI rates, stronger offer in competitive markets, and a faster path to 20% equity. Many buyers find this balances monthly savings with keeping adequate cash reserves.

20%+ Down — No PMI

Eliminates private mortgage insurance entirely. On a $700,000 home, that's $140,000 down — but you save $200–400/month in PMI from day one.

💡 Pro tip: ShopProp buyer rebates can help you reach a higher down payment tier. On a $700,000 purchase with a 2.5% buyer agent commission, ShopProp's flat $4,495 means you get $13,005 back at closing. That could be the difference between 10% down with PMI and 15% down with minimal PMI.

PMI: The Removable Insurance

Private mortgage insurance (PMI) is required when you put less than 20% down on a conventional loan. Unlike FHA's mortgage insurance premium — which sticks with the loan for its entire life if you put less than 10% down — conventional PMI has a clear path to removal:

What Does PMI Actually Cost?

Credit Score5% Down PMI Rate10% Down PMI RateMonthly on $600K Loan
760+0.30%0.15%$75–150
720–7590.45%0.25%$125–225
680–7190.65%0.40%$200–325
640–6790.90%0.60%$300–450
620–6391.25%0.85%$425–625

Calculate Your Buyer Rebate

See exactly how much cash back you'd receive at closing with ShopProp's flat fee — and how it could reduce your PMI timeline.

Calculate Your Savings

Conventional vs. FHA vs. VA: Which Is Right for You?

Choose Conventional If...

  • Credit score 700+ for competitive rates
  • You can put 10–20% down
  • You want removable PMI
  • Buying a second home or investment property
  • You don't want an upfront insurance fee

Choose FHA If...

  • Credit score 580–699
  • Limited down payment (3.5%)
  • Higher debt-to-income ratio
  • First-time buyer with thin credit history
  • Read our FHA Loan Guide →

Choose VA If...

Choose Jumbo If...

2026 Conforming Loan Limits by ShopProp State

StateStandard LimitHigh-Cost Area LimitKey High-Cost Counties
Washington$806,500$1,037,550King, Snohomish, Pierce
California$806,500$1,209,750San Francisco, San Mateo, Santa Clara, LA, Orange
Hawaii$806,500$1,209,750All counties (high-cost statewide)
Colorado$806,500$1,037,550Eagle, Pitkin, San Miguel
Arizona$806,500$806,500Standard statewide
Texas$806,500$806,500Standard statewide
Virginia$806,500$1,037,550Arlington, Fairfax, Loudoun
Michigan$806,500$806,500Standard statewide

If your purchase price exceeds these limits, you'll need a jumbo loan — which has stricter requirements but is available through ShopProp in all 8 states.

The Real Cost: Commission + Loan Combined

Here's what most buyers miss: the commission you pay your agent affects your total cost of homeownership just as much as your interest rate. On a conventional loan, every dollar not spent on commission can go toward a larger down payment, lower PMI, or closing cost coverage.

Purchase PriceTraditional 2.5% Agent FeeShopProp Flat FeeYour Rebate
$500,000$12,500$4,495$8,005
$700,000$17,500$4,495$13,005
$1,000,000$25,000$4,495$20,505
$1,500,000$37,500$4,495$33,005
Real example: A buyer purchasing a $700,000 home with 10% down on a conventional loan. Traditional agent takes $17,500 at closing. With ShopProp, you pay $4,495 and receive $13,005 back. That rebate could reduce your loan to $616,995 instead of $630,000 — saving $57/month on your mortgage payment and eliminating roughly 8 months of PMI.

Step-by-Step: Getting a Conventional Loan

  1. Check your credit. Pull reports from all three bureaus. Dispute errors. A 20-point improvement could save thousands in PMI over the loan's life.
  2. Get pre-approved. Not pre-qualified — pre-approved. This means the lender has verified your income, assets, and credit. Sellers take pre-approved offers seriously. See our pre-approval guide →
  3. Determine your down payment. Balance monthly savings (PMI elimination) against keeping cash reserves. Don't drain your savings to hit 20%.
  4. Lock your rate. Rate locks typically last 30–60 days. In a rising rate environment, lock early. In a falling environment, ask about float-down options.
  5. Complete underwriting. Provide documentation promptly. Avoid opening new credit accounts, changing jobs, or making large purchases during this period.
  6. Close and fund. Review the Closing Disclosure (CD) carefully — it must arrive at least 3 business days before closing. What to expect at closing →

5 Costly Conventional Loan Mistakes

  1. Ignoring PMI removal. Many borrowers keep paying PMI long after reaching 20% equity. Set a calendar reminder and request removal the moment you qualify.
  2. Chasing the lowest rate without comparing total costs. A slightly higher rate with lower closing costs can save more over 5–7 years (the average ownership period).
  3. Draining savings for 20% down. Having $0 in reserves after closing is dangerous. Aim for 3–6 months of expenses remaining after your down payment.
  4. Not shopping multiple lenders. Rate quotes can vary 0.25–0.50% between lenders for the same borrower profile. Get at least 3 quotes.
  5. Overpaying your buyer agent. A traditional 2.5–3% buyer agent commission on a $700,000 home is $17,500–21,000. ShopProp's flat $4,495 returns the difference to you — cash that can offset closing costs or reduce your loan amount.

Ready to Buy Smarter?

ShopProp buyers get managing broker oversight on every offer — plus a rebate that puts thousands back in your pocket at closing. Same representation. Flat fee. Since 2007.

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Why a Managing Broker Matters on Your Conventional Loan Purchase

Conventional loan purchases — especially in competitive markets — involve tight timelines, appraisal requirements, and complex contingency decisions. At ShopProp, every transaction is overseen by a managing broker with a background in construction and finance.

That means someone who understands both the structural integrity of the property and the financial mechanics of your loan is reviewing your offer, negotiating repairs, and guiding you through underwriting conditions. It's the kind of oversight that percentage-based agents charge 2–3% for — and that ShopProp delivers at a flat $4,495.

Over 4,000 transactions and 19 years, that combination of expertise and transparent pricing has saved ShopProp clients millions.

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